Convert Windows XP into a Windows 7 Virtual Machine with Disk2vhd

how to use Disk2vhd to move your Windows XP installation into Windows 7 and then run it with Windows Virtual PC.

Would you like to be able to still run Microsoft Windows XP while you get familiar with Windows 7? Well, moving your existing Windows XP system to a virtual machine that you can run in Windows 7 is a relatively easy procedure with the Disk2vhd tool from Microsoft’s Windows Sysinternals team:
In this edition of the Windows Desktop Report, I’ll show you how to use Disk2vhd, which is a free tool, to move your Windows XP installation into Windows 7 and then run it with Windows Virtual PC.

What is Disk2vhd?

As its name implies, Disk2vhd is designed to create VHD versions of physical disks. This tool can be used to convert systems running Windows XP SP2 and up as well as Windows Server 2003 and up.
To perform this task, the Disk2vhd utility makes use of the Windows Volume Snapshot feature built in to the operating system. When you run Disk2vhd, it first creates a volume snapshot image of the hard disk. It then exports that image into a VHD that you can then add to Windows Virtual PC as well as to Hyper-V Manager.
If you’ll be using Windows Virtual PC, keep in mind that it supports a maximum virtual disk size of 127GB. If you create a VHD from a larger disk it will not be accessible from a Windows Virtual PC virtual machine. Another thing to keep in mind is that Windows Virtual PC doesn’t support the Multiprocessor Specification, and it will not be able to boot VHDs captured from multiprocessor systems.

Preparation

In order to ensure a successful virtual machine transition, there are several tasks that you’ll want to perform on your Windows XP system in preparation for the operation. Let’s take a closer look.

Backup: You’ll want to back up your system using Windows XP’s Backup Utility or a third-party disk imaging tool, such as EASEUS Todo Backup, which is a free package that I used for my test configuration. That way if anything goes awry, you can restore your Windows XP system and get right back to work. Just to be on the safe side, you may also want to back up all your data on CD/DVD or on an external hard disk. While it may sound like overkill, having an extra backup of your data will give you peace of mind.
Optimization: You’ll want to make sure that your Windows XP system and hard disk are in tip-top shape by running Disk Cleanup and Disk Defragmenter. Doing so will help make the operation run quickly and smoothly. By running Disk Cleanup, all unnecessary files will be removed, such as trash in the Recycle Bin and Temporary Internet files. By running Disk Defragmenter, your hard disk will be ready for optimal performance.
Windows Update: You’ll want to run Windows Update on your Windows XP system and make absolutely sure that all current updates are downloaded and installed.

My example configuration

In my example, I’ll be using two different computers: one computer running Windows XP SP3 and one computer running Windows 7. I’ll run Disk2vhd on the XP system and create the VHD on an external hard disk. The drive on this XP system is using about 40GB on an 80GB hard disk. I’ll then move the virtual machine over to Windows 7 and run it there using Windows Virtual PC.

Getting Disk2vhd

You can get and use Disk2vhd in one of two ways. You can download Disk2vhd from the Windows Sysinternals page on the Microsoft TechNet site. Or you can run immediately Disk2vhd from the Live.Sysinternals.com site. Either way, the utility does not require installation, which means that using it is as easy as launching the executable.

Converting the system

I decided to run Disk2vhd from the Live.Sysinternals.com site for this article. Once I clicked on the link, I immediately saw the Internet Explorer File Download - Security Warning dialog box, shown in Figure A.

Figure A

As soon as the download commences, Internet Explorer displays the File Download - Security Warning dialog box.

When you click the Run button, the download begins, as shown in Figure B.

Figure B

The actual download is really quick.

Once the download is complete, the executable begins to launch, which triggers the Internet Explorer - Security Warning, shown in Figure C.

Figure C

As soon as the executable begins to launch, Internet Explorer displays a Security Warning dialog box.

You’ll then need to accept the Sysinternals Software License Terms, as shown in Figure D.

Figure D

You are encouraged to read through the Software License Terms.

When you get to the main user interface, you’ll see that Disk2vhd automatically selects all the available volumes/drives, sets a default location, and chooses a name for the VHD file. You can choose a different location and name if you want. In fact, the procedure will go faster if you select a different hard disk besides the one on which you are creating a VHD. Then, select the Prepare for Use in Virtual PC check box. As you can see in Figure E, I chose only the main drive and selected an external hard disk. When you are ready, click the Create button.

Figure E

You can choose specific drives as well as a different location and name.

You’ll then have to sit back and wait. Depending on how large your hard disk is and the location of your destination folder, the process can take a while to complete. As the process chugs away, you’ll see the progress, as shown in Figure F.

Figure F

The progress gauge keeps you apprised of the conversion procedure.

For instance, my XP system with about 40GB on an 80GB drive took just a little over two hours to complete the conversion and transfer to an external USB hard disk. When the operation is complete, you’ll see the screen shown in Figure G.

Figure G

My example system took a little over two hours to convert to a virtual machine.

Running XP in Windows Virtual PC

Once you copy the virtual Windows XP system’s .vhd file over to the Windows 7 system, you’ll then open Windows Virtual PC and launch the Create a Virtual Machine wizard, as shown in Figure H.

Figure H

You’ll launch the Create Virtual Machine wizard.

In order to reduce the amount of initial tweaking, I configured my virtual machine to have the same amount of RAM as its physical counterpart, as shown in Figure I.

Figure I

You’ll specify the amount of RAM that you want your Windows XP virtual machine to have.

When prompted to add a virtual hard disk, select the Use an Existing Virtual Hard Disk option and then use the Browse button to locate your .vhd file, as shown in Figure J. When you’ve done so, just click the Create button.

Figure J

Select the Use an Existing Virtual Hard Disk option and then locate your vhd.

Once the Create a Virtual Machine wizard is complete, then just reopen Windows Virtual PC, locate the new virtual machine, and launch it. Of course, I had to do a bit of tweaking in order to get my XP system running, and because XP was now running on a new system, I had to reactivate Windows XP. However all that was relatively painless, and I was able to run my existing Windows XP installation in Window 7, as shown in Figure K.

Figure K

Windows XP is running inside of Windows Virtual PC in Windows 7.

What’s your take?

Will you use this Disk2vhd to virtualize your Windows XP system? Have you used Disk2vhd before? If so, what has been your experience? As always, if you have comments or information to share about this topic, please take a moment to drop by the elitebuyer and let us hear from you.

How to fix the “Cannot attach the virtual hard disk …”

… to the virtual machine. Check the values provided and try again.” error

Windows Virtual PC: Cannot attach the virtual hard disk to the virtual machine. Check the values provided and try again.

It sucks as an error message. Would it take too much programming effort to make it more meaningful Virtual PC team?
What does it mean?
It means you have a Virtual Hard Disk file larger than 127.5GB. Which Virtual PC does not support.
You might have created this with the Microsoft Disk2VHD tool.
To confirm the “disk is too big” problem, open the Settings on an existing Virtual PC, and try to attach the drive:

The virtual hard disk image ... is too large for the IDE bus. Make sure that all virtual had disk images connected to the IDE bus are not greater than 127.5GB

In other words, we’ve captured a 160GB hard disk, and Virtual PC won’t let us use it.
But we can fix it, it’s a two step process
First we use DiskPart, and then we use VHD Resizer.

1.DiskPart
DISKPART> select vdisk file=c:\users\dale\desktop\worktest.vhd
DiskPart successfully selected the virtual disk file.
DISKPART> attach vdisk
100 percent completed
DiskPart successfully attached the virtual disk file.
DISKPART> list volume

 Volume ###  Ltr  Label        Fs     Type        Size     Status     Info
----------  ---  -----------  -----  ----------  -------  ---------  --------
Volume 0     E                       DVD-ROM         0 B  No Media
Volume 1                      NTFS   Partition    100 MB  Healthy    System
Volume 2     D                NTFS   Partition    199 GB  Healthy
Volume 3     C                NTFS   Partition    265 GB  Healthy    Boot
Volume 4     F                NTFS   Partition    149 GB  Healthy

DISKPART> select volume 4
Volume 4 is the selected volume.
DISKPART> list volume

 Volume ###  Ltr  Label        Fs     Type        Size     Status     Info
----------  ---  -----------  -----  ----------  -------  ---------  --------
Volume 0     E                       DVD-ROM         0 B  No Media
...
* Volume 4     F                NTFS   Partition    149 GB  Healthy

DISKPART> shrink querymax
The maximum number of reclaimable bytes is: 106 GB (108636 MB)
DISKPART> shrink desired=40960 (Note: desired is the amount we want to prune of the image)
DiskPart successfully shrunk the volume by: 40 GB
DISKPART> list volume

 Volume ###  Ltr  Label        Fs     Type        Size     Status     Info
----------  ---  -----------  -----  ----------  -------  ---------  --------
Volume 0     E                       DVD-ROM         0 B  No Media
...
* Volume 4     F                NTFS   Partition    109 GB  Healthy

DISKPART> detach vdisk
DiskPart successfully detached the virtual disk file.
DISKPART> exit
What we now have is a VHD file still sized at 149GB, but with a 109GB partition in it. What we need to do next is resize the VHD to 109GB.
2. VHDResizer.
Use VHDResizer to resize your newly shrunk VHD file, in this example WorkTest.VHD

VhdResizer -enter the size of the disk you want to resize to. Not greater than 127.5GB though.

(yes, I picked a New Size larger than 109GB, I went for 120GB instead).
And finally…
Success! It boots!

This article might be useful as well:
Mount base and differencing VHD disks using Windows Virtual PC on Windows 7 x64.
To recap, the tools used were:
DiskPart (included in Windows)
Disk2VHD
VHDResizer

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Failure configuring Windows Updates Reverting Changes. The computer is Lenovo 32-bit, Windows 7 Home Premium, SP2

Failure configuring Windows Updates Reverting Changes.